Sauce – Tiny Yet Substantial Element of Vietnamese Cuisine

Food sauce is indispensable.

Once my foreign friends and I had snacks and beers on a street restaurant; we ordered several dishes and every dish came with a different sauce. It really wowed us.

I told them that even the same type of sauce could taste different since people in different regions had their own recipes of using such same ingredients.

Food sauces of Vietnamese cuisine are so diverse and abundant that they have become the spirit of culinary culture and the significant element to differentiate Vietnamese food to other countries’.

Food sauces on dining table.

Decisive food sauces

From daily meals to luxurious parties, food sauces always take their places on dining tables. A complete meal must have main course, vegetables, soup, and a sauce cup.

Depending on serving dishes, the sauce cup can be pure fish sauce with fresh chili or mixed fish sauce (with garlic, sugar, and lime juice or fresh ginger), shrimp paste, soy sauce, fish broth, fermented soy paste, lime and pepper salt, or thicken fish sauce with crushed pepper.

Although sauces are side dishes, they play a very important role, which decides final tastes of main courses. Can’t call deep-fried fresh fish delicious without a cup of mixed fish sauce, garlic, and chili; a dish of pig pluck must go with shrimp paste.

Steamed seafood taste the best with lime-pepper salt and bland boiled assorted vegetables will be much more flavorful by a thick fish sauce and pepper bowl.

Boiled chicken must go with pepper salt and minced kaffir lime leaves while duck meat requires fish sauce and smashed ginger.

Food sauce can be simple as pure fish sauce with chili and garlic.

Besides fresh ingredients and accurate cooking processes, Vietnamese chefs must competently practice different types of food sauce.

There are dozens of food sauce recipes. Sometimes, the same ingredients as fish sauce, garlic, sugar, chili, and vinegar or lime, can make different sauces since regional tastes are totally different.

For instants, southern people use much sugar when mixing fish sauce for fried fish while grilled pork with fresh rice noodles in Ha Noi only matches bland fish sauce with sour pickles.

Shellfish dishes in the south love pepper salt with drops of lime juice or butter sauce with oiled green onion and roasted peanuts. Differently, boiled snails in the north must have fish sauce with fresh ginger, lime leaves, and fresh chili. No one can accept boiled snails without that typical fish sauce.

Another famous example is in a seafood restaurant in Mui Ne (Binh Thuan province). Cooks use smashed whole green tamarinds to mix with fish sauce, garlic, and sugar. The taste is memorably incredible with deep-fried snakehead fish.

Spring rolls with 4 different types of sauces.

Chef Anh Duy – lead of Binh Quoi I team that won the 1st prize, said, “Food sauces, especially for appetizers, play the most important role for the success of the appetizers and the whole menu.”

Therefore, Anh Duy and his team worked so hard on their sauces. On salmon dish with wild vegetables, Anh Duy used roasted sesame and peanuts to make sauce with soy sauce and Doi seeds.

Moreover, grilled shrimp paste was combined with stimulating pineapple sauce, which was made from smashed grilled pineapples and other sweet spices.

Food sauces play incredibly important roles for the success of whole dishes.

With grilled ducks served with moringa salad, mashed purple yam, and special duck sausage, the team used moringa leaves not only to season duck meat but also to mix with other herbal leaves (dill, mint, green onion) to create a delicious green sauce for their salad.

Vietnamese food, to succeed or to fail is depended mostly on sauces. Without appropriate sauces, even sophisticated dishes are not close to being complete.

Even hot pot need good sauces.

Philosophy of food sauces

Just a sauce cup right in the center of dining table of daily meals can carry the whole philosophy of life with all tastes – sour, hot, salty, and sweet.

The Vietnamese believe that food sauce is not only a side dish to enrich their meal but also a center point connecting people together on a dining table.

Everybody has different hobbies of food but they all use the same sauce cup during their meal. How they use chopsticks or how they interact with the sauce cup shows all table manners.

A right food sauce for a dish is also a chain that can link people to their notable memories of their hometown.

With wanderers and runners like us, it was amazingly happy if we can find a cup of fish sauce smashing with fresh chili, garlic, and drops of lime juice to go with boiled rau muong.

From all over regions, food sauces have proved their incredible charm.

Food sauces in Vietnamese cuisine can be odd with foreigners because we also have used smelly food, such as sauces from fermented seafood (fish, shrimp, shellfish, crabs and other seafood).

But if you taste it and like it, you’ll love it for life. For instant, fermented fish sauce mixed minced fresh pineapple, garlic, chili, and sugar is an indispensable sauce for flank beef dipping vinegar or steamed snakehead fish served with fresh vegetables.

Fresh rice noodles and tofu in Ha Noi must be served with shrimp paste, foamed with sugar, kumquat, and hot chili. Fermented tiny shrimp sauce in the south works best with sour fruits as green mangoes or makok.

Along middle coastal line of Viet Nam, there is a super-hot specialty called fermented shellfish, which usually go with steamed fresh squids. Once you try it, you have to memorize it.

Sauces for bánh bèo (a type of rice cake) are different in different region.

So, those tiny sauce cups became fundamental parts of Vietnamese cuisine. Vietnamese people usually don’t really enjoy Vietnamese food in other countries because those dishes just lack the right sauces.

From common ingredients, such as garlic, chili, lime, ginger, lemongrass, peanut, tamarind, black pepper, fish sauce, sugar, fermented soybeans, green papaya, kohlrabi, coconut juice, or even chicken liver, a map of food sauces has been building on all over the country, contributing to make Vietnamese cuisine more diverse, typical, and enchanted.

By Tuoitre